The group treated with 100 mg/kg bw by oral and intraperitoneal routes were also effective in increasing survival of animals. A higher dose of SCD-1 by intraperitoneal route was not tested considering that a compound should be effective at lower concentration via intraperitoneal route in comparison to the oral route. The animals treated with standard drug, Amphotericin B by intravenous route showed a survival of 88.9%. Despite its high efficacy, the clinical application of Amphotericin B is often limited by its dose dependent nephrotoxicity. The administration of Amphotericin B by intravenous route and its low oral bioavailability are other major concerns. In mice, the LD50 of Amphotericin B by intravenous route has been reported to be 2�C3 mg/kg bw. The major finding of this experiment was the comparable antifungal effect of SCD-1 to the standard drug, Amphotericin B, in terms of increased survival and decreased fungal burden. The infected-untreated animals demonstrated a decrease in body weight as compared to the uninfected control group. In contrast, the animals receiving SCD-1 by oral and intraperitoneal routes showed an increase in body weight comparable to the uninfected control animals. It could thus be inferred that the weight loss in infected animals was infection-mediated and the doses of SCD-1 which controlled fungemia resulted in recovery from the weight loss. Besides the survival rate of animals as a parameter for therapeutic efficacy of SCD-1, A. fumigatus colony Plerixafor 8HCl counts were calculated to determine the fungal burden. Several researchers have employed CFU method to quantitate the fungal burden in the tissues and the efficacy of antifungal drugs. Singh et al reported CFU method and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to be equally useful for determining the efficacy of caspofungin. We observed that lungs were most heavily infected and primary target of infection, this was expected as the fungus was administered through the intranasal route. Lewis et al showed BMS303141 reduction in lung CFUs after treatment with Amphotericin B in mice infected intranasally with A. fumigatus and sacrificed after 4 days of infection.