For instance, the user can create a dedicated pathogen database which can then be directly used for the analysis. For the analysis the user must provide the input parameters. During analysis, Taxoner first runs Bowtie2 using the default or user specified parameters and writes the alignments into a SAM file. The sequence alignment with Taxoner is done using the Bowtie2 aligner and the pre-indexed databases. Since the NT database is too large to fit in a single fasta file, the input sequencing reads have to be aligned separately against each sub-database. Fortunately Bowtie2 is a multithreaded aligner, which enables faster alignments using multithreaded processors. After all reads are aligned against each database, the taxonomic evaluation can be done. The main difficulty here is that a read can align with the same alignment quality to each fasta file. For this reason, Taxoner calculates a ����local���� common ancestor for each read in each alignment file and then merges the results into one file. In the final step, the merged file is sorted by read name and a final LCA is calculated for each read using their ����local���� lowest common ancestors. The output is a file that contains read names, alignment information, EG00229 nearest neighbor taxon ID, start and ending positions of the alignment against the best hit and the genome accession number of the best hit. An optional output is a MEGAN compatible output, which enables the post analysis and visualization of the results. Osteoporotic fractures – the ultimate manifestation of osteoporosis – are affecting a growing number of elderly individuals globally. Both men and women are affected by osteoporosis, but despite a lower risk of osteoporotic fractures in men, the morbidity and mortality seem to be greater in men having experienced such fractures. A number of dietary factors have been discussed in the aetiology of osteoporosis, including consumption of caffeine-containing beverages, especially coffee, which has a relatively high concentration of caffeine. Some studies have demonstrated an association between caffeine intake and KS 370G calcium homeostasis in humans and negative effects on osteoblast function in vitro.