In addition, the percentage of proteins involved in cell proliferation, cell migration, positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion, regeneration, response to extracellular/ steroid hormone/external stimuli and blood vessel/vasculature development were higher in cardiogel compared to mesogel. These results corroborated with the properties of cardiogel and mesogel. Tmsb4x and A2m have been reported to enhance the differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells into functional cardiomyocytes. Cardiogel has also been shown to promote early differentiation and maturation of ESC derived cardiomyocytes. Tmsb4x and A2m have also been shown to stimulate angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell migration, survival and differentiation. Tmsb4x and A2m were identified in the proteomic analysis, suggesting a role for these proteins in the differentiation and angiogenic potential of cardiogel. Cardiogel has been shown to provide a substrate environment for growth and maturation of cardiomyocytes by influencing their spontaneous contractile activity and phenotype morphological differentiation. This feature could be explained by the presence of proteins such A2m, which was known to improve contractile response of ventricular cardiomyocytes and Nefh and Nefm that were observed to be structural components of the cytoskeleton in specialized myocytes. Proteins such as Tmsb4x and Psap are known to protect cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress and apoptosis. Similarly, cardiogel also possessed protective properties against hypoxic conditions. Additionally, Tmsb4x and Ido1 were found to improve the retention and survival of cardiac graft after Ionomycin transplantation following MI, which was also observed in cardiogel. Tmsb4x has been known to AST-1306 inhibit osteogenic differentiation but reciprocally facilitate adipogenic differentiation. Similarly cardiogel has been observed to promote adipogenesis of BMSCs while osteogenic differentiation was found to be insignificant. Tmsb4x was also known to aid in murine cardiac development, which was also observed in cardiogel.