Adipose tissue is formed by different cell types and has an endocrine function since it secretes substances such as leptin, insulinlike growth factor 1 and interleukin 10. Studies have shown that LEP is a protein hormone mainly synthesized by white adipose tissue which acts through a specific receptor and is directly related to the quantity of adipose tissue. Obese individuals have hyperleptinemia and resistance to leptin, which is caused by changes in leptin receptors as well as in its isoform or in deficiencies in the blood-brain transport system. The study of the role of IGF1 in cell metabolism has permi ed us to associate it with obesity. This is a hormone that plays important roles in the Gentiopicrin organism, among them the regulation of adipose tissue mass, mediating the proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes during adipogenesis. A study by Gre��goireNyomba et al. has Cryptochlorogenic-acid suggested that both LEP and IGF1 play a role in the regulation of body weight. Another factor related to obesity is IL10, with a reduction of its concentration being related to the presence of metabolic syndrome. IL10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine with an important role in the regulation of the immunological system by inactivating pro inflammatory cytokines through the suppression of macrophage function, with a consequent important role in the immunity of the gastrointestinal tract. More recent discoveries have related changes involving some microRNAs to obesity. microRNAs are small non-protein coding RNAs consisting of 18 to 25 nucleotides which regulate gene expression in a negative and post-transcriptional manner. They have an important role in the regulation of various biological processes, including adipocyte differentiation, metabolic integration, insulin resistance, and appetite regulation, inhibiting the expression of target genes. Tang et al. have suggested that miR-124a is involved in pancreatic cells, acting as a possible regulator of glucose in blood together with miR-375. In addition, it was demonstrated that both miR-143 and miR-145 are involved in cell differentiation. The microRNAs miR-143, miR-145, miR-27a and miR-27b were selected for inclusion in this study because, with the use of bioinformatics tool TargetScan, we verified that miR-27a and miR-27b had the genes of LEP, IGF1 and IL10 as targets. We also add the other microRNAs because some other studies showed that miR-143 interferes in glucose metabolism in mice, inducing insulin resistance, and that miR-145 is correlated with human body mass index. Obesity is a growing worldwide public health problem accompanied by health complications such as the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular problems and sleep apnea, among others. Taken together, these factors characterize the 
metabolic syndrome. The syndrome also involves genetic, hormonal, inflammatory, environmental and behavioral dysfunctions. In order to contribute to the elucidation of the molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, we used real time PCR to quantify the expression of the genes LEP, LEPR, IGF1 and IL10 and of the microRNAs: miR-27a, miR-27b, miR-143 and miR-145 in the abdominal subcutaneous fat, the liver and omentum of individuals with morbid obesity of the central type compared to non-obese individuals.